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twinducklin schreef:

Hmm, als er genoeg gras staat is bijvoeren niet nodig.. Het klinkt misschien raar maar in gras zitten ook voedingstoffen die paarden nodig hebben, wij zijn altijd degene die denken dat brokken meer toevoegen
..

Citaat:

. Zeker voor een ouder paard is het heel belangrijk om aan de juiste voedingsstoffen te komen. Het is niet voor niets dat er tegenwoordig speciale mixen bestaan voor het oudere paard.

Citaat:

The physical changes that accompany aging include greying of the coat, swaying of the back, prominence of the backbone, arthritis, anaemia, susceptibility to respiratory and skin conditions, changes in the teeth, reduced salivation, and a 20% reduction in the ability to digest and absorb certain nutrients.

Because of these changes, horses from late teens onwards require a balanced diet that is highly digestible. Raw grains are not well digested by the small intestine - over half the amount fed passes into the caecum where it ferments - yielding acid, heat, gas and ammonia, Low digestibility in the small intestine predisposes horses to loss of appetite, colic, diarrhoea and laminitis - as well as reducing fibre, energy, protein and mineral absorption.

Recent veterinary research has found that processing of grains by crushing or cracking does little to improve digestion but that steam extrusion - an advanced process that improves, advances and supercedes older methods of grinding, boiling and pelleting - increases digestion to 92%. The graph below shows that oats - whether whole or crushed - are only 45% digested in the small intestine; whole, cracked or crushed corn only 29% digested and barley only 21% digested. Steam extruded grains are over 90% digested.

Of the energy in oats, 30% is lost as waste heat; 20% of corn energy and 23% of the energy in barley. As well as losing this energy and not being available to use it for body weight maintenance, the heat produced adds significantly to heat stress in hot weather. Although raw grains are traditional feeds for horses, they were first used in the cold climates of England and Ireland and are not necessarily appropriate for hot and/or humid countries.

International veterinary nutrition research has consistently found that steam-extrusion of 'complete' formulations (containing grains, protein meals, high oil levels, heat- stable vitamins, minerals and salts) increases protein, mineral, fibre and energy digestibility and releases nutrients that were previously unavailable.

This is because steam extrusion promotes and supports the natural functions of the horse's system by shifting the site of feed digestion back to the small intestine - where nature intended it to be.

The untangling of nutrients during wet steam-extrusion allows digestive enzymes in the small intestine to work up to 100 times faster - increasing nutrient availability and reducing acid, heat and gas production.


Increased digestibility of steam extruded feeds improves feed conversion efficiency so a lower weight of steam extruded nuts is required than if feeding pellets or unprocessed feeds.

Veterinary researchers have found that blood test results, coat condition, level of physical activity and body weight are superior when older horses are fed steam extruded nuts. Horses that were in light condition gained 0.36kg per day on steam extruded nuts and those on sweet feed actually lost 0.1kg per day. Steam extrusion also improves mineral absorption - especially phosphorus whereas pelleted feeds were shown to reduce calcium and magnesium absorption.

Other studies comparing steam extruded and pelleted feeds found the horses ate slower, chewed for longer and produced more saliva with steam extruded nuts - and that this led to a reduction in the incidence of choke and colic, steam extruded nuts also offer advantages for dental care because they are low density, gentle on teeth and can be readily softened to a mash for horses with mouth discomfort.

Steam extruded feeds are clean and dust-free, preventing respiratory irritation and the low moisture level (8% compared to grains which are 11 to -13.5%) reduces mould spores which are known to irritate the repiratory system.

Steam extrusion is a complex and sophisticated process requiring considerable investment. The combination of heat and moisture aids in the gelatinization of starches, untangling of proteins and elimination of bacteria. Dry-extrusion is a less advanced process and because of reduced moisture levels, dry extrusion can result in reduced acceptance of feed, loss of vitamins and destruction of amino acids.



All the studies done on the benefits of extruded feeds for horses have used steam extruded feed and the conclusions of these studies cannot be applied to feeds
produced by dry-extrusion.

Omega 3 oils have been found to benefit blood oxygen leveis and reduce the incidence and severity of arthritis and inflammatory skin conditions in both humans and animals. A small amount of Omega 3 oil per day could provide benefits for the blood and immune system in older horses. The advent of steam extrusion has enabled the inclusion of high oil levels in complete feeds. With older methods of processing, such as pelletiog, oil could not be included at more than about 4 - 5%.

It is because of the many difficulties associated with meeting all the differing needs of older horses that the Australian Feed Company has developed a specially formulated, fully pressure cooked and extruded, nutritionally complete, clean, dust-free feed - Mitavite Gumnuts - to assist owners in the care and maintenance of ageing horses.

Body System Changes in Older Horses Effect of Changes
Teeth Wear down, reduced saliva Chewing and swallowing problems
Digestive System Reduced digestion and absorption Need 20% more feed or a 20% more digestible feed
Coat and skin Dryness and dermatitis Need oils and correct Omega 3 to Omega 6 balance
Blood Glucose Cannot tolerate raw grains well Need highly digestible fibre and higher oil diet
Anaemia Red blood cell production changes Trace mineral, vitamin and iron intake must be optimal
Vitamins Less able to synthesize vitamins C and B Vitamins in feed must be readily absorbed
Calcium & Phosphorus Reduced absorption and ratio must be correct Mineral absorption is reduced
Joints Arthritis and chronic wear and tear Softer bones, lameness
Hooves Increased risk of lamimitis and weak hooves Diet needs adequate protein, biotin, zinc
Respiratory System Prone to allergic conditions Feed should be clean and dust-free

Emaartje schreef:

hoi nou emara wa sin de winter ook al dampig,en mijn da zei geef de oude dag,en de tijd da tide goed is is meegenomen.maar mocht beslist juistniet rijden,omdat die zo benauwd is..en elke keer prednison ben ik geen voorstander van.dan wek je je paard zelf aan de dood vind ik/...want ik stoom erbij om slijm los te krijgen,nog beter ook..gr emaartje

ellenlouise schreef:

Ik weet alleen nog niet wàt ik bij zou kunnen voeren. Dus als iemand tips heeft?