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Citaat:

Symptoms:

Not all these symptoms are present in any single case, but many are seen in most cases.

Sudden, uncharacteristic, aggressive events have been reported to have preceded the onset of other symptoms in a number of cases. Whisper attacked me without provocation several days before her onset and then seemed confused over why she had done so.
These have all been singular events.

Stage 1 symptoms (4 hours to 1 day):
The most reliable early indication is inability to finish meals or complete lack of appetite. Chewing without swallowing is common.

There are unusual neurological symptoms that are nearly as common.
Strange uncharacteristic, isolated stumble, trip, stretching step, head gesture, or other apparently neurological sign.
One common characteristic is a strange step that looks either like a stretch or the animal trying to jump over a nonexistent object.

These are often dismissed due to age or other factors. Turning head sideways while lying down in apparent peace (not looking at flanks like colic) is also classic and very common. Pawing at floor of stall, and or circling. Change of habitual patterns of behavior / confusion. Glassy eyed look and tendency to wander off and get lost.

Some of these symptoms obviously mimic colic, but rolling and looking back at the sides is not common. They also mimic other disorders ranging from West Nile to salmonella and have been commonly treated for these. Only the cases that used a gram positive effective antibiotic for a salmonella diagnosis have been successful, but in these cases fecal tests have not shown salmonella.

Horse will commonly lay down to rest in apparent peace during early stage. If they do this at a time or place that is uncustomary, it is a warning. This may be accompanied by the turning of the head sideways. Nasal discharge has been present in many cases and it contains both fungi and bacteria. A foul breath and/or manure are common. Bloody nasal discharge has been reported in one case with otherwise classic symptoms.

Lack of appetite or chewing but not swallowing are almost universal.
Aversion to water (most but not all cases). Horse may be attracted to water and then react as if shocked when the lips touch it.
Water aversion may precede other symptoms because dehydration is seen early.

No elevated temperature, and possibly a subnormal temperature (96-99.8 is typical).
Temperature may spike for a short period in Stage 1 and then drop to normal or below normal. This spike is often either missed or does not occur at all.

Blood work will show drop in lymphocytes.

Heart rate may not be elevated, and may even be depressed in this stage.

Some signs of colic (caused by colitis that results). It is often treated as colic, losing critical time and resulting in death.

Even if your vet is relatively sure you are dealing with colic, have him or her run blood tests immediately or start Naxcel as a precaution until you know what you are dealing with.

Stage 2 symptoms:
Difficulty walking or refusal to move from a standing position.
Difficulty getting up.
Total confusion and glassy eyed look
Tripping and sudden collapse.
Shivering (onset of shock)

Colitis is a symptom which can cause loose and septicemia causes foul smelling breath and stools. Bloody stool has been reported in one case which is consistent with severe colitis. Distension of the stomach has been noted both during symptoms and at necropsy. Severe diarrhea is reported as is one case of strange stools with small pellets. While not caused by parasites, the syndrome is probably aggravated by them.

White count may or may not elevate.

Stage 3 symptoms:
Shock, seizures, erratic breathing, death

Death results in 12 hours to 4 days.

Survival rates:
1 reported survival in an untreated horse where two others died. This horse is still not fully recovered after several weeks.
2 reported survivals when SMZ (Spectrim or Bactrim) was administered, but disease rebounded in one case.
1 reported survival with 20 CC twice daily of Gentamiacin 30 CC of Probios twice daily (used to treat rebound case above)
2 reported survivals with Tucoprim, unknown dose
6 reported survivals with Naxcel (average dose 20 CC twice daily for 5 to 14 days depending on how early symptoms were caught.
0 reported survivals with penicillin alone (confirms it is gram positive bacteria)

Blood work should be done immediately to determine if the antibiotics are indicated. It is not safe to assume you are dealing with colic and not check blood at this time. Dozens of horses have been reported to have been treated for colic and died shortly thereafter.

It strikes multiple horses at a single facility and in most but not all cases it is horses that are eating round bales. It does not appear to be communicable from horse to horse, at least directly. It may be communicated via feces but this is only speculation. It strikes where no horses have entered the population for months or years. It strikes in facilities that are well managed and clean. If there has been the death of one or more horses with these symptoms, it is crucial to watch the others very closely.

Sugarmiss schreef:

Ze gingen dood tussen de 12 en 48 uur.

misschien is dit wel een erg domme vraag, maar ik had nog niet eerder van Listeria gehoord, vandaar...

Sugarmiss schreef:

Geen domme vraag Marl1tje.
Het grote aantal dode paarden komt juist door het onbekend zijn met deze ziekte.

Onder 'Survival rates:' kun je zien welke middelen er gebruikt zijn, waarvan Naxcel het hoogste overlevingsgetal heeft. Ik weet niet in hoeverre dit middel in NL te verkrijgen is.

Sugarmiss schreef:

Ik heb geen totaal kunnen achterhalen, maar het heerst nu in 6 staten. Dus het kunnen er idd honderden zijn ipv tientallen.

Sugarmiss schreef:

http://sports.groups.yahoo.com/group/whisper_syndrome/

Je moet je wel aanmelden bij Yahoo en lid worden van deze group.